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Subject guide

IB Philosophy Internal Assessment guide

Written and cross-checked by IB Diploma graduates: Alexander (41), Alejandro (40), Martina (40), Victoria (38), Martin (35), Maria (34)

· Checked against official IB guidance · Editorial policy

The IB Philosophy Philosophical Analysis of a Non-Philosophical Stimulus (IA) is graded against 5 IB assessment criteria worth 25 marks. This guide explains the mark scheme for each criterion and what the published criteria reward at each score level at Higher Level (HL) and Standard Level (SL).

5 criteria25 marks totalSL & HL available

IB assessment criteria

Each criterion is presented independently using the configured mark-band descriptors for this subject and assessment session.

CriterionNameMarks
Identification of Issue and JustificationIdentification of Issue and Justification3
ClarityClarity4
Knowledge and UnderstandingKnowledge and Understanding4
AnalysisAnalysis8
EvaluationEvaluation6
Total25

Criterion-by-criterion breakdown

Identification of Issue and Justification

Identification of Issue and Justification

0-3

What this criterion assesses

The philosophical issue raised by the stimulus (a film, image, article, song…) clearly and explicitly identified, with a clear justification of the connection between the stimulus and the philosophical issue.

Mark band descriptors

Criterion A: Identification of issue and justification (0–3):
- 0: The work does not reach a standard described by the descriptors below.
- 1: The philosophical issue raised by the stimulus is implied but not explicitly identified. There is no justification of the connection between the stimulus and the philosophical issue identified.
- 2: The philosophical issue raised by the stimulus is clearly identified. There is some justification of the connection between the stimulus and the philosophical issue identified.
- 3: The philosophical issue raised by the stimulus is clearly and explicitly identified. There is a clear justification of the connection between the stimulus and the philosophical issue identified.

Common mistakes

  • Issue implied by the discussion but never explicitly stated
  • No justification of why the stimulus raises this issue
  • Stimulus treated as decoration rather than the source of the issue
  • Issue too broad ("ethics") instead of a focused philosophical question

Clarity

Clarity

0-4

What this criterion assesses

A well-structured, focused and effectively organized response that is clear and coherent throughout.

Mark band descriptors

Criterion B: Clarity (0–4):
- 0: The work does not reach a standard described by the descriptors below.
- 1: The response is poorly structured, or where there is a recognizable structure there is minimal focus on the task.
- 2: There is some attempt to follow a structured approach, although it is not always clear what the answer is trying to convey.
- 3: The response is structured and generally organized, and can be easily followed.
- 4: The response is well structured, focused and effectively organized. The response is clear and coherent.

Common mistakes

  • No recognizable structure (issue, analysis, evaluation, conclusion)
  • Paragraphs that drift from the task
  • Reader can't tell what the answer is trying to convey
  • Stimulus summary crowding out the philosophy

Knowledge and Understanding

Knowledge and Understanding

0-4

What this criterion assesses

Relevant, accurate and detailed philosophical knowledge, a well-developed explanation of the philosophical issue, and appropriate use of philosophical vocabulary throughout.

Mark band descriptors

Criterion C: Knowledge and understanding (0–4):
- 0: The work does not reach a standard described by the descriptors below.
- 1: There is little relevant knowledge. The explanation of the philosophical issue is minimal. Philosophical vocabulary is not used, or is consistently used inappropriately.
- 2: Some knowledge is demonstrated but this lacks accuracy and relevance. There is a basic explanation of the philosophical issue. Philosophical vocabulary is used, sometimes appropriately.
- 3: Knowledge is mostly accurate and relevant. There is a satisfactory explanation of the philosophical issue. Philosophical vocabulary is used, sometimes appropriately.
- 4: The response contains relevant, accurate and detailed knowledge. There is a well-developed explanation of the philosophical issue. There is appropriate use of philosophical vocabulary throughout the response.

Common mistakes

  • Philosophical positions named but not accurately explained
  • Philosophical vocabulary absent or misused
  • Knowledge recited without connection to the issue
  • Only one philosophical tradition or thinker considered where the issue invites more

Analysis

Analysis

0-8

What this criterion assesses

Well-developed critical analysis rather than description, with well-chosen examples that support the argument, and counter-arguments identified and analysed in a convincing way.

Mark band descriptors

Criterion D: Analysis (0–8):
- 0: The work does not reach a standard described by the descriptors below.
- 1–2: The response is mostly descriptive. There is little analysis, and few or no examples are given.
- 3–4: There is limited analysis, but the response is more descriptive than analytical. Some appropriate examples are used.
- 5–6: The response contains analysis, but this analysis lacks development. Appropriate examples are used in support of the argument. Counter-arguments are identified.
- 7–8: The response contains well-developed critical analysis. The examples used are well chosen and lend support to the argument. Counter-arguments are identified and analysed in a convincing way.

Common mistakes

  • Describing the stimulus or the positions instead of analysing them
  • No examples, or examples that don't support the argument
  • Counter-arguments never raised
  • Counter-arguments stated but immediately dismissed without analysis

Evaluation

Evaluation

0-6

What this criterion assesses

Clear evaluation of alternative interpretations or points of view, with all or nearly all of the main points justified, arguing from a consistently held position to a clearly stated conclusion consistent with the argument.

Mark band descriptors

Criterion E: Evaluation (0–6):
- 0: The work does not reach a standard described by the descriptors below.
- 1–2: There is little evaluation of alternative interpretations or points of view. Some of the main points are justified. There is no conclusion, or the conclusion is not relevant.
- 3–4: There is some evaluation of alternative interpretations or points of view. Many of the main points are justified. The conclusion is stated but may not be entirely consistent with the argument.
- 5–6: There is clear evaluation of alternative interpretations or points of view. All, or nearly all, of the main points are justified. The response argues from a consistently held position. The conclusion is clearly stated and consistent with the argument.

Common mistakes

  • Alternative interpretations mentioned but never weighed
  • Main points asserted without justification
  • Position shifts midway through the response
  • Conclusion missing, or inconsistent with the argument made

Sources & verification

Primary-source references used to verify key assessment facts on this page. Last source check: September 22, 2026.

The exact subject guide for Philosophy is the authority for the task, criteria and limits. Some IB subject guides do not have a stable public URL, so this page names the configured assessment session and links the official IB update hubs instead of fabricating a direct source link.

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