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iBacalao

Question feasibility test

IA Research Question: A Feasibility Test

An IA research question is not strong because it sounds academic. It is useful when the current task allows it, the evidence exists, the analysis can answer it, and the scope fits the real constraints. Some Internal Assessment components do not use a formal research question at all, so confirm the task before copying any formula from this page or elsewhere.

The short answer

Test a question or aim against the actual coursework task, available evidence, planned analysis, scope, and feasibility before collecting data or drafting.

Does the question pass all five checks?

TestPassFail signalRepair
Task fitThe question or aim matches the coursework component for your subject and assessment session.It was copied from another subject, an older syllabus, or a generic IA-question formula.Open the current task description first; keep only the question shape that your component actually requires.
EvidenceYou can name the data, sources, texts, observations, artefacts, or other evidence that could answer it.The question sounds interesting but depends on evidence you cannot obtain or are not allowed to use.Rewrite around evidence you can realistically collect, access, or analyse.
AnalysisYou can say what you will do with the evidence beyond describing it.The plan ends at gathering facts, measurements, quotations, or examples.Name the comparison, calculation, interpretation, model, source analysis, or reasoning step that will produce an answer.
ScopeThe question can be answered with enough depth inside the component's actual limit and available time.Answering it properly would require several separate investigations or a survey of an entire field.Narrow one variable, case, period, population, text, mechanism, or comparison - whichever your subject makes relevant.
FeasibilityAccess, safety, ethics, equipment, participants, permissions, and timing have been checked where they apply.A critical dependency is still hypothetical: a dataset, participant group, archive, instrument, or approval you do not yet have.Resolve the dependency before drafting, or change the question so the work does not rely on it.

How do weak starting points become tighter questions?

These are original iBacalao planning examples, not official exemplars and not scoring guarantees. Their purpose is to expose what changed: scope, evidence, variables, case definition, or analysis.

Group 1 - Language & literature

English Literature

Weak starting point · Themes in Hamlet.

Tighter version · How does Shakespeare use soliloquy in Act III to position the audience's sympathy for Hamlet?

Close reading of one technique in one scene.

IV / focus:
Soliloquy passages selected
DV / outcome:
Audience sympathy / positioning (argued)
Evidence:
Annotated extracts + secondary criticism
Scope trap:
Whole-play summary

Language & Literature

Weak starting point · How is advertising persuasive?

Tighter version · How does multimodal layout in one charity campaign construct its target reader?

One campaign, one reader construction - fits Lang & Lit analysis.

IV / focus:
Layout / mode choices
DV / outcome:
Reader positioning (argued)
Evidence:
Annotated ads + course concepts
Scope trap:
Many campaigns with no depth

Group 2 - Language acquisition

Spanish B

Weak starting point · Is Spanish useful?

Tighter version · How does the candidate use past-tense narration vs present commentary to structure the individual oral photo description?

Oral IA - question targets performance structure, not a written RQ.

IV / focus:
Tense / structure choices in oral
DV / outcome:
Coherence of description (rubric-aligned)
Evidence:
Recorded oral against rubric criteria
Scope trap:
Treating the oral like a written IA

Group 3 - Individuals & societies

Economics

Weak starting point · Are taxes good or bad?

Tighter version · Commentary on a recent article about a national sugar tax, analysed with an indirect-tax diagram, incidence, and welfare loss.

One article, one diagram - the actual Economics IA format.

IV / focus:
Policy change in the article
DV / outcome:
Incidence / DWL in your diagram
Evidence:
Named article + labelled diagram
Scope trap:
General debate with no article

Business Management

Weak starting point · How can a café improve sales?

Tighter version · Should [local café] introduce a loyalty app to improve customer retention, given current repeat-purchase data?

Real business, one decision, tools you can apply.

IV / focus:
Loyalty intervention (proposed)
DV / outcome:
Retention / repeat purchase rate
Evidence:
Sales logs, customer survey, financial estimates
Scope trap:
No access to real business data

History IA topics and research questions

Weak starting point · Was World War One inevitable?

Tighter version · To what extent was the Schlieffen Plan responsible for Germany's failure to win a quick victory in 1914?

Bounded in time with evaluable sources.

IV / focus:
Schlieffen Plan decisions (as factor)
DV / outcome:
Speed of victory / stalemate outcome
Evidence:
Two evaluated primary/secondary sources
Scope trap:
Whole-war question in 2,200 words

Geography

Weak starting point · Is urbanisation bad?

Tighter version · How does distance from the city centre affect building height along a transect in [your city]?

Field data collection with one clear gradient.

IV / focus:
Distance from CBD
DV / outcome:
Building height (m)
Evidence:
Transect survey points
Scope trap:
Mixed land uses on one transect line

Global Politics

Weak starting point · Why is politics important?

Tighter version · How effectively does a local refugee-support NGO influence municipal housing policy?

Engagement project with a political issue and stakeholders.

IV / focus:
NGO engagement activities
DV / outcome:
Policy influence indicators
Evidence:
Interviews, documents, meeting records
Scope trap:
Issue too broad for 2,000-word report

Psychology (2027 proposal)

Weak starting point · Does memory get worse with age?

Tighter version · How could a survey study test whether social-media multitasking predicts self-reported attention difficulties in students aged 16–18?

Proposal format - aim, population, method - not a finished experiment write-up.

IV / focus:
Multitasking score (proposed measure)
DV / outcome:
Attention difficulty score
Evidence:
Proposed questionnaire + ethics plan
Scope trap:
Writing up results you never collected

Group 4 - Sciences

Biology

Weak starting point · How does temperature affect enzymes?

Tighter version · How does temperature (10–50 °C) affect the rate of catalase activity in potato extract, measured as volume of O₂ produced in 60 s?

Names enzyme, range, and measure - one experiment you could start tomorrow.

IV / focus:
Water-bath temperature (10–50 °C)
DV / outcome:
Volume of O₂ in 60 s
Evidence:
Gas syringe readings, 5 temps × 5 trials
Scope trap:
No enzyme named; effect confounded by H₂O₂ age

Chemistry

Weak starting point · What affects reaction rate?

Tighter version · How does the concentration of sodium thiosulfate (0.05–0.25 mol dm⁻³) affect the rate of its reaction with dilute HCl, measured by the disappearing-cross method?

One variable, one method, a range for order-of-reaction analysis.

IV / focus:
Na₂S₂O₃ concentration
DV / outcome:
Time for cross to disappear
Evidence:
Timed runs at 5 concentrations
Scope trap:
Multiple variables changed at once

Physics

Weak starting point · How do pendulums work?

Tighter version · How does the length of a simple pendulum (0.10–1.00 m) affect its period, and what value of g does the gradient of T² against L give?

States the graph and the constant you will extract.

IV / focus:
Pendulum length
DV / outcome:
Period T
Evidence:
T² vs L plot, uncertainty on gradient
Scope trap:
Angle too large - small-angle approximation breaks

ESS

Weak starting point · How does pollution affect ecosystems?

Tighter version · How does distance from a road (10–100 m) affect lichen coverage on tree trunks as a bioindicator of air quality?

Field transect with one gradient and one measurable indicator.

IV / focus:
Distance from road
DV / outcome:
Lichen cover % on trunks
Evidence:
Quadrat/transect data along one site
Scope trap:
Multiple pollution sources along the transect

SEHS

Weak starting point · Does exercise help performance?

Tighter version · How does warm-up duration (0, 5, 10, 15 min) affect vertical jump height in school athletes aged 16–18?

Controlled manipulation with a sport-relevant DV.

IV / focus:
Warm-up duration
DV / outcome:
Vertical jump height (cm)
Evidence:
Repeated jumps per condition, paired design
Scope trap:
Fatigue order effects without counterbalancing

Computer Science

Weak starting point · Can AI help students?

Tighter version · How effectively does a revision-quiz web app reduce average time-to-complete for a fixed question set compared with paper revision?

Computational solution with measurable success criteria.

IV / focus:
Revision mode (app vs paper)
DV / outcome:
Time to complete quiz
Evidence:
Logged timings from prototype testing
Scope trap:
Product built but success criteria never tested

Group 5 - Mathematics

Maths AA

Weak starting point · How is calculus used in real life?

Tighter version · What release angle maximises the range of a basketball free throw, modelling the ball as a projectile?

Specific optimisation with a quantity to compare against video/data.

IV / focus:
Release angle
DV / outcome:
Horizontal range
Evidence:
Model output vs measured throws
Scope trap:
No comparison to real data

Maths AI

Weak starting point · Is there a link between screen time and sleep?

Tighter version · Is the relationship between daily screen time and sleep duration in a sampled cohort better modelled as linear or logarithmic?

Compares models on the same dataset - clear analysis path.

IV / focus:
Screen time (hours)
DV / outcome:
Sleep duration (hours)
Evidence:
Survey data + regression comparison
Scope trap:
Correlation without controlling confounds

Group 6 - The arts

Visual Arts

Weak starting point · How do artists use colour?

Tighter version · How does your use of restricted palette in three resolved artworks communicate a consistent conceptual focus?

Tied to your own body of work, not art history in general.

IV / focus:
Palette restriction (your choice)
DV / outcome:
Conceptual focus communicated
Evidence:
Photos of your works + process notes
Scope trap:
Generic art history with no own work

Film

Weak starting point · What makes a good film?

Tighter version · How does sound design in one selected sequence establish tension before the narrative reveal?

One film, one sequence, one craft element.

IV / focus:
Sound design choices in sequence
DV / outcome:
Tension (audience response argued)
Evidence:
Shot-by-shot analysis + audio cues
Scope trap:
Plot summary of entire film

Music

Weak starting point · How does music affect mood?

Tighter version · How do changes in tempo and dynamics in your original composition reflect the stated programmatic narrative?

Your composition, linked technique to intent.

IV / focus:
Tempo / dynamics sections
DV / outcome:
Programmatic narrative alignment
Evidence:
Score excerpts + recording
Scope trap:
General psychology of music with no composition

Dance

Weak starting point · Why is dance emotional?

Tighter version · How does your use of stillness versus repetition in one choreographed phrase communicate the chosen stimulus?

Choreographic choice tied to one phrase.

IV / focus:
Stillness vs repetition
DV / outcome:
Stimulus communication (argued)
Evidence:
Video of phrase + choreographic notes
Scope trap:
General essay on dance history

What questions come up when narrowing an Internal Assessment question?

Is an Internal Assessment topic the same as a research question?

“Sleep and memory” is a topic. A research question tells you what, exactly, you will test or argue about it and which evidence could answer it. If five different investigations could fit the same wording, you probably still have a topic.

How narrow should an Internal Assessment research question be?

Try describing the evidence you will actually collect or analyse in one sentence. If that sentence needs several datasets, experiments, texts, or case studies to answer separate parts of the question, the scope is probably too wide. Narrow one variable, case, period, population, or comparison.

Does every Internal Assessment need a formal research question?

The phrase “research question” is not universal across Internal Assessment components. Current Biology, Chemistry, and Physics scientific investigations use one; other subjects may frame the task differently. Check the component description before forcing a question formula onto coursework that does not ask for one.

Sources & verification

Primary-source references used to verify key assessment facts on this page. Last source check: September 26, 2026.

There is no universal research-question formula for all Diploma Programme Internal Assessment components. The current subject guide and assessment session determine the actual task.

Written and cross-checked by Diploma Programme graduates: Alexander (41), Alejandro (40), Martina (40), Victoria (38), Martin (35), Maria (34)

Checked against official IB guidance · Editorial policy