Spanish A: Lang & Lit · IA research questions
Written and cross-checked by IB Diploma graduates: Alexander (41), Alejandro (40), Martina (40), Victoria (38), Martin (35), Maria (34)
· Checked against official IB guidance · Editorial policy
A strong Spanish A: Language and Literature HL essay focuses on one non-literary body of work studied in Spanish and argues how specific linguistic and stylistic choices construct meaning for a Spanish-speaking audience.
Scope: Use the conceptual frameworks: audience, purpose, context, meaning. Narrow to one text type; support claims with close examples in Spanish. 1,200–1,500 words.
Approach · Analyse metaphor, register and rhythm from transcript and recording; argue how audiovisual rhetoric builds leader image.
Approach · Analyse slogan structure, image-text relation and verb mood; argue how modality shifts responsibility onto the citizen.
Approach · Analyse lexical density, nominalisation and appraisal language across three editorials; argue how objectivity is performed.
Approach · Analyse rhyme, lexical choice, sexual metaphor and narrative stance; situate the change in commercial context.
Approach · Analyse caption tone, bilingual switching and audience comments; argue how platform affordances shape solidarity.
Approach · Analyse visual framing, command forms and modality; argue how persuasion shifts from fear to agency.
Approach · Analyse transcribed speech for backchannel, repair and narrative distancing; argue how podcast form shapes trust.
Approach · Analyse soundtrack choice, colour grading and recurrent imagery; argue how form constructs affective belonging.
Approach · Analyse deixis, place description and evaluative language; argue how digital travel writing performs identity.
Approach · Analyse visual exaggeration, facial feature selection and ironic captioning; argue how satire compresses argument.
Approach · Analyse nominalisation, verb tense and aspirational lexis; argue how marketing constructs student identity.
Approach · Analyse address forms, sound design and repeated motifs; argue how auditory branding builds imagined community.
Primary-source references used to verify key assessment facts on this page. Last source check: September 22, 2026.
These Spanish A: Lang & Lit ideas are original iBacalao starting points, not official IB research questions. Check the current Spanish A: Lang & Lit subject guide, your assessment session and your school's safety/ethics rules before committing to a question.
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